Women’s Diet in Special Condition: Pregnancy, Lactating Stage and Sickness
Abstract
A balanced eating pattern is a cornerstone of health. Women, like men, should enjoy a variety of healthful foods from all of the foods groups, including whole grains, fruits, vegetables, healthy fats, low-fat or fat-free dairy and lean protein.
As a guide, men need around 2,500 kcal a day to maintain a healthy body weight, and women need around 2,000 kcal a day. Trying to balance the demands of family and work or school and coping with media pressure to look and eat a certain way can make it difficult for any woman to maintain a healthy diet. But the right food can not only support your mood, boost your energy, and help you maintain a healthy weight; it can also be a huge support through the different stages in a woman’s life.
As children, boys’ and girls’ dietary needs are largely similar. But when puberty begins, women start to develop unique nutritional requirements. And as we age and our bodies go through more physical and hormonal changes, so our nutritional needs continue to evolve, making it important that our diets evolve to meet these changing needs.
While women tend to need fewer calories than men, our requirements for certain vitamins and minerals are much higher. Hormonal changes associated with menstruation, child-bearing, and menopause mean that women have a higher risk of anemia, weakened bones, and osteoporosis, requiring a higher intake of nutrients such as iron, calcium, magnesium, vitamin D and vitamin B9 (folate).
References
Salvy SJ, Elmo A, Nitecki LA et al. Influence of parents and friends on children’s and adolescents’ food intake and food selection. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2011; 93(1): 87-92.
Perry B, Ciciurkaite G, Brady CF et al. Partner Influence in Diet and Exercise Behaviors: Testing Behavior Modeling, Social Control, and Normative Body Size. PLoS ONE 2016; 11(12): e0169193.
National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad.
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