Management of Musculoskeletal Disorder through Ilaj-bit-Tadbeer (Regimenal Therapy) - A Review
Abstract
Musculoskeletal disorders are very common in today’s scenario,
affecting daily activities and causing disability to some extent. The
Unani medical system takes a holistic approach to the treatment of any
disease or ailment. Unani medicine is extremely effective in treating
musculoskeletal disorders. Ilaj-bit-Tadbeer (Regimenal therapy) is an
important part of the Unani system of medicine for treating various
musculoskeletal and psychological disorders by modifying the Asbabe-
sitta-zarooriah (six essential factors) of life for maintaining health
and disease prevention. Cupping, leeching, inkebab, bukhoor, dalak,
nutool, fasd, takmeed, and other modalities of Ilaj-bit-Tadbeer can be
very effective in treating a variety of musculoskeletal disorders.
How to cite this article:
Usmani S, Sabir B, Sultana A. Management
of Musculoskeletal Disorder through Ilaj-bit-
Tadbeer (Regimenal Therapy) - A Review. J Integ
Comm Health. 2021;10(2):22-26.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2319.9113.202109
References
Woolf AD, Akesson K. Understanding the burden of musculoskeletal conditions. The burden is huge and not reflected in national health priorities. BMJ. 2001;322:1079-80. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Natvig B, Nessioy I, Bruusgaard D, Rutle O. Musculoskeletal symptoms in a local community. Eur J Gen Pract. 1995;1:25-8. [Google Scholar]
Andersson HI, Ejlertsson G, Leden I, Rosenberg C. Chronic pain in a geographically defined general population: studies of differences in age, gender, social class, and pain localization. Clin J Pain. 1993;9:174-82. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Bergman S, Herrstrom P, Hogstrom K, Petersson IF, Svensson B, Jacobsson LT. Chronic musculoskeletal pain, prevalence rates, and sociodemographic associations in a Swedish population study. J Rheumatol. 2001;28:1369-77. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Urwin M, Symmons D, Allison T, Brammah T, Busby H, Roxby M, Simmons A, Williams G. Estimating the burden of musculoskeletal disorders in the community: the comparative prevalence of symptoms at different anatomical sites, and the relation to social deprivation. Ann Rheum Dis. 1998;57:649-55. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Eriksen HR, Svendsrod R, Ursin G, Ursin H. Prevalence of subjective health complaints in the Nordic European countries in 1993. Eur J Public Health. 1998;8:294-8. [Google Scholar]
Bingefors K, Isacson D. Epidemiology, co-morbidity, and impact on health-related quality of life of selfreported headache and musculoskeletal pain—a gender perspective. Eur J Pain. 2004;8:435-50. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Molarius A, Janson S. Self-rated health, chronic diseases, and symptoms among middle-aged and elderly men and women. J Clin Epidemiol. 2002;55:364-70. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Brattberg G, Parker MG, Thorslund M. A longitudinal study of pain: reported pain from middle age to old age. Clin J Pain. 1997;13:144-9. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
de Zwart BC, Frings-Dresen MH, Kilbom A. Gender differences in upper extremity musculoskeletal complaints in the working population. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2001;74:21-30. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Guo HR, Chang YC, Yeh WY, Chen CW, Guo YL. Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorder among workers in Taiwan: a nationwide study. J Occup Health. 2004;46:26-36. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Eriksen W. The prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in Norwegian nurses’ aides. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2003;76:625-30. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Picavet HS, Schouten JS. Musculoskeletal pain in the Netherlands: prevalences, consequences and risk groups, the DMC(3)-study. Pain. 2003;102:167-78. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Fish DR, Morris-Allen DM. Musculoskeletal disorders in dentists. N Y State Dent J. 1998;64:44-8. [Google Scholar]
Graham C. Ergonomics in dentistry, Part 1. Dent Today. 2002;21:98-103. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Guay AH. Commentary: ergonomically related disorders in dental practice. J Am Dent Assoc. 1998;129:184-6. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Rundcrantz BL, Johnsson B, Moritz U. Pain and discomfort in the musculoskeletal system among dentists. A prospective study. Swed Dent J. 1991;15:219-28. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Cook EM, Holey EA. Therapeutic Massage. London: WB Saunders Company Ltd; 1998. 60 p.
National Health Portal of India [Internet]. Introduction of regimental therapy (Ilaj- bil- tadbeer); [cited 2016 Jan 19]. Available from: https://www.nhp.gov.in/introduction-of-regimental-therapy-ilaj-bil-tadbeer_mtl
Dhandapani AG, Sinha AG. Principles and practices of therapeutic massage. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd; 2004. 22 p.
Tanwir MA, Ansari AH, Aisha P, Anzar MA. Dalk (therapeutic massage) and their indications for musculoskeletal disorders in Unani medicine. Int J Adv Ayur Yoga Unani Siddha Homeo. 2013;2(1):59-70.
Ahmed A, Jahan N, Aslam M, Kausar HS, Khalid M, Ali H. Dalak (massage) in Unani medicine: a review. Int J Adv Ayur Yoga Unani Siddha Homeo. 2014;3(1):162-74. [Google Scholar]
Sultana A, Ahmad A, Begum M. Ilaj-bil-tadbeer a nonmedical therapy in Unani system of medicine-a review. J Complement Altern Med. 2015:1-6.
Akhtar J, Siddiqui MK. Utility of cupping therapy Hijamat in Unani medicine. Indian J Trad Knowl. 2008;7(4):572-4. [Google Scholar]
Assi TB, Baz E. Current applications of therapeutic phlebotomy. Blood Transfus. 2014;12:75-83. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Shaikh N, Ghawte S, Mukadam M. Comparative evaluation of Unani regimen - fasad (phlebotomy) & compound formulation in the management of knee osteoarthritis, an open randomized clinical trial. J Indian Sys Med Res. 2013;1(1):13-7.
Kumar S, Dobos GJ, Rampp T. Clinical significance of leech therapy in Indian medicine. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med. 2013;18(2):152-8. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Alam T, Hasan I, Perveen A, Nazamuddin M, Perveen S. Leech therapy (taleeq): indications, contraindication and standard operative procedures (SOPS). J Biol Sci Opin. 2013;1(4):358-61.
Vitthalrao BM, Subhash R, Keshaorao SM. Effect of leech therapy in management of quadriceps femoris tenosynovitis: a case study. Int J Res Ayurv Pharm. 2013;4(4):629-30.
Ahmad T, Anwar M. Clinical importance of leech therapy. Indian J Trad Knowl. 2009; 8(3):443-5. [Google Scholar]
Azam R, Mushtaq S, Fassihuzaman, Jabeen A, Zaidi Z, Alam S. Nutool (irrigation) - an effective mode of treatment in Ilaj bit Tadbeer (regimenal therapy). Indo Am J Pharm Res. 2014;4(12). [Google Scholar]
Nasimul H, Siddiqui MA, Sarferaz MD. An overview of niqris (gout) and its interpretation with hyperuricemia. Int J Adv Ayur Yoga Unani Siddha Homeo. 2013;2(1):137-42.
Ansari AP, Dar PA, Kalam MA, Rather SA, Arif M, Nasir A. Therapeutic effect of inkibab (steam application) and Hijama Muzliqa (massage cupping) in case of Waj al-Zahr (non-specific low back pain): a case report. J Ayurvedic Herb Med. 2018;4:150-3. [Google Scholar]
Ghani N. Khazain al-Advia. New Delhi: Idara Kitab alShifa; 2011. 109 p.
Khan MS. Elaj al-Amraz. Urdu translation by Kabeeruddin M. New Delhi: Ejaz Publishing House; 2006. p. 10, 14-5, 21, 24-7, 31-2, 35-6, 170.
Kabeeruddin M. Al-Qarabadeen. 2nd ed. New Delhi: Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine, Dept. of AYUSH, Ministry of H & FW, Govt. of India; 2006. p. 3-7, 25, 48, 252, 682, 685, 957, 1252.
Jamal MA, Khan MA. Kitab al-Tadbeer. New Delhi: GL International Publisher; 2017. p. 53-5, 55-6, 63, 291,308-9.
Khan JA. Ilaj-bit-tadbeer. Deoband: Hira Computers & Publisher; 2011. 75 p.
National Health Portal of India [Internet]. Huqna (enema); [cited 2016 Mar 19]. Available from: https://www.nhp.gov.in/huqna-enema_mtl
Firdous S. Riyazat (exercise): a part of Ilaj bil tadbeer and its role in prevention of diseases. Int J Dev Res.2016;6(1):6486.
Demir Y. Non pharmacological therapies in pain management - current issues and opinions. Racz G, editor. InTech; 2012. [Google Scholar]
