Clinico-Pathological Correlation of Endometrial Biopsy and Its Significance
Abstract
Background: Menstruation is a natural physiological process, but a significant proportion of women experience abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), which negatively impacts their physical, emotional, and socio- economic well-being. AUB is closely associated with iron deficiency anaemia and is often under-recognized. Its evaluation and management require a structured approach, such as the PALM-COEIN classification system, to identify underlying structural or functional causes. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between clinical presentations of AUB and the morphological phase of the endometrium (proliferative vs. secretory), proposing that endometrial histology may be a more relevant parameter for analysis than age alone. Methods: A prospective, hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 2024 on 38 cases (29 proliferative, 9 secretory) received in the Department of Pathology. Inclusion criteria involved endometrial samples with isolated endometrial causes of AUB, excluding inadequate specimens and non-endometrial pathologies. Histological analysis was performed using H&E staining, and clinical data were analyzed using the chi-square test. Results: Of the 38 cases, a greater proportion with AUB were in the proliferative phase (36.84%) compared to the secretory phase (13.16%), though not statistically significant. Menorrhagia was more common in the proliferative group (10.53% vs. 7.89%), and pain was reported in only one proliferative case. These findings were consistent with previous studies that reported higher incidences of AUB and menorrhagia in perimenopausal women, predominantly in the proliferative phase. Conclusion: The study suggests that histopathological classification of the endometrium provides a valuable framework for analyzing and managing AUB, particularly in the reproductive and perimenopausal age groups. Histological phase may offer better insight into bleeding patterns than age-based classification alone. Early histological evaluation remains critical to exclude precancerous lesions and guide appropriate treatment. How to cite this article:Jain V, Gupta A, Agarwal R, Balhara A, Jindal U.
Clinico-Pathological Correlation of Endometrial
Biopsy and Its Significance. Rec Adv Path Lab
Med. 2024;10(3&4):21-25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2454.8642.202409
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